Toll-Like-Receptor (TLR) pathway discovered 1996-8

Lemaitre et al., CELL 1996; Medzhitov et al., Nature 1997; Poltorak et al., Science 1998.

 

RIG-I-Like (RLR) cytosolic RNA activated, TLR-independent pathway, discovered 2004

Balachandran, Thomas, Barber, Nature 2004; Yoneyama and Fujita, Nature Immunology, 2004.

 

STING and the cytosolic DNA Signaling pathway discovered 2008

Ishikawa and Barber, Nature 2008; Ishikawa, Ma and Barber, Nature, 2009.

 

Cyclic Dinucleotides (CDN’s) discovered as STING agonists, 2011.

Burdette et al., Nature, 2011.

 

STING signaling facilitates self-DNA manifested inflammation, 2012.

Ahn, Gutman, Saijo and Barber, PNAS, 2012.

 

Systemic Lupus-like inflammatory disease, Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome (AGS) caused by chronic STING signaling.

Gall et al., Immunity, 2012, Ahn et al J. Immunology, 2014.

 

cGAS shown to be a synthase that generates STING activating CDN’s after association with cytosolic dsDNA  2013.

Wu et al., Science 2013.

 

Cancer cells trigger STING signaling in phagocytes to generate anti-tumor T cell immunity 2014.

Woo et al., Immunity, 2014; Ahn et., Cancer CELL, 2018.

 

DNA damage events generate cytosolic DNA species (micronuclei) that activates STING signaling and controls inflammatory responses and cancer development 2014.

Ahn et al., Nature Communications, 2014.

 

STING signaling is recurrently defective in cancer cells to avoid the immunosurveillence system 2016.

Xia et al., CELL Reports, 2016; Xia et al., Cancer Research 2016.

 

STING interacts with commensal microbiota and maintains gut immune homeostasis 2017.

Ahn et al., CELL Reports 2017.